Lord God, God And God - 851 Words

The Hebrew Bible is a redaction, a single document stitched together using different sources. The first book, Genesis, means origin: both the origin of the world (creation) and modern humans (genealogy). It is the product of two sources known as the Priestly source (P) and the Yahwistic or Non-Priestly Source (J). The two sources present different versions of the supreme being: God and Lord God. While God and Lord God both have immense power and the unique ability to create, they are separate characters with separate personalities. Lord God is like a Greek anthropomorphic god with human desires and limitations, whereas God is an all-powerful abstract being of pure spirit. Lord God, like a Greek anthropomorphic god, has a human form and body. We first learn about Lord God in chapter two, the second creation story. Firstly, Lord God â€Å"formed man from the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath.† (2.7) The verb â€Å"to form† implies that Lord God made man with his hands, and he has a breath, so he is not just an immaterial being. Therefore, Lord God must have a physical form because he is directly involved in the work of creation, not just commanding things to be. We see evidence of his physical presence later when Adam and Eve â€Å"[hear] the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (3.8) For Lord God to be walking and making noise in the garden, he would need to have feet, and by extension, a body. In addition to his human physique, Lord God has a humanShow MoreRelatedThe Lord Of God Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesSent by whom? And what orders? In the New Testament context, the One who sends is the LORD Jesus Christ, and the order of the LORD is to â€Å"[equip] the saints, for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ, till we all come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of GOD† (Eph 4:12-13). This work of the LORD had been planned and appointed before the foundation of the world. GOD who sees the end from the beginning has already appointed all things before He began timeRead MoreSummary : The Lord God 901 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Why do you keep on saying that I am your Lord, when you refuse to do what I say? Anyone who comes and listens to me and obeys me† Luke 6:46-47 (Contemporary English Version Bible) When a society starts to do things that are unpleasant to the eyes of God, this will be a society in which sooner or later God s judgment will be evident, and not because God is bad who wants the death of those who sinned, but on the contrary God delights in showing mercy, â€Å"Suppose wicked people stop sinning and startRead MoreNotes On The Lord God2148 Words   |  9 Pagesthe Lord was upon me, and he brought me out in the Spirit of the Lord and set me down in the middle of the valley; it was full of bones. 2 And he led me around among them, and behold, there were very many on the surface of the valley, and behold, they were very dry. 3 And he said to me, â€Å"Son of man, can these bones live?† And I answered, â€Å"O Lord God, you know.† 4 Then he said to me, â€Å"Prophesy over these bones, and say to them, O dry bones, hear the word of the Lord. 5 Thus says the Lord God to theseRead MoreReflection On God s The Lord God Planted A Garden Essay1063 Words    |  5 PagesIn this essay, I will take the position that God waited to create Eve in order to properly prepare Adam to be a husband/leader. Being the very first being created on earth and having no experience in how to live, God would need to teach Adam the necessary steps for a productive and successful life. Especially since there was a fallen being roaming around, God needed Adam’s full attention to establish a relationship with him, teach him the importance of guarding something precious, and that obeyingRead MoreThe Laughter Of Jesus And The Lord Of God2050 Words   |  9 Pagesjustice. The type of justice only an omnipotent Lord can bring forth. The satisfaction these individuals find occurs when the Lord is satisfied. As for those that weep, their tears will release the sorrow their soul contains. The laughter Jesus brings forth for them will release their joy, a joy that comes with the arrival of the Kingdom of God. In verse 6:22, Jesus calls upon those that are hated or excluded due to their identification or belief in God or Jesus. While they may be suffering now, soonRead MoreThe Lord God And His Oppressive Punishment927 Words   |  4 PagesThe Lord God and his Oppressive Punishment According to Genesis in the Hebrew bible’s story of Adam and Eve, The Lord God is the creator of everything and an authoritarian. The Lord God is the supreme being in the story where he has absolute power and expects obedience from his creatures or subjects. The Lord God created the universe, the earth, the land, the seas, plants, and all living creatures. The Lord God also created the first humans, which were Adam and Eve. The Lord God placed themRead MoreThe Notion of God in the Lord of the Rings Essay1887 Words   |  8 PagesDaniel and the Book of Revelation are inherently religious and centered around God. As a result, most later apocalyptic literature is also religiously centered, with God as the instrumental entity (Shaffer 142). Those who have read J.R.R. Tolkiens The Lord of the Rings remember most vividly the final great battle where evil is overcome in the apocalyptic ending of an age. Tolkiens bit of apocalyptic literature in The Lord of the Rings seems dif ferent from traditional religious notions of an apocalypseRead MoreReview Of Tanna Anderson s The Lord God Essay1062 Words   |  5 Pagesnear the end of Isaiah’s ministry and the end of Israel’s exile? 4. Preventative vs. Redemptive Prophecy; how does this affect the application to the church? 5. Is Isaiah or God the speaker during this particular prophecy? 6. The closest proclamation text is in Isaiah 65:13 which declares, â€Å"the LORD God† not just â€Å"LORD† as is stated in Isaiah 65:8. Is this significant? 7. Who is the audience â€Å"they† that the speaker is speaking too? 8. What audience does the general context of Isaiah 65:1 establishRead MoreSavagery in Lord of the Flies and City of God Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pages William Golding and Fernando Meirelles present these ideas in their works, the novel Lord of the Flies and the film City of God. They tell the stories of two places with no rational legal authorities, where savageness is way of life. In these stories, Piggy and Rocket are similar in that they become outsiders in their communities because of their mindfulness and empathy to savagery. In his novel, Lord of the Flies, Golding uses Piggys character to show how intelligence cannot survive inRead MoreAnalysis Of Timothy s God And The Lord Jesus Christ 902 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2 Timothy 4:1-4 Paul charges Timothy along with Christians of today with â€Å"God and the Lord Jesus Christ† as his witnesses to, â€Å"Preach the Word!† This exhortation does not come without merit, Paul gives his reasons in verse three and four why it is important. â€Å"For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine, but according to their own desires, because they have itching ears, they will heap up for themselves teachers; and they will turn their ears away from the truth, and be turned

Delivering Bad News Free Essays

| Delivering Bad News: Helping your patients retain dire details| Modern Medicine Oct 1, 2009| | The purpose: This article focuses on providing healthcare professionals with suggestions that will help their patients remember important information immediately after receiving bad news. Although nurses usually don’t deliver the bad news, they are often in the room when it is given and are often the person that has to give the patient instructions immediately afterward. Research supports the fact that patients might not hear much of the nurse or physician tells them at this time, therefore they retain very little of the valuable information. We will write a custom essay sample on Delivering Bad News or any similar topic only for you Order Now Patients with poor prognoses are especially at risk and retain even less than patient with fair to good prognoses. This research also revealed that the more information given to the patient the less they retained. Information data: The first suggestion that will help patients retain information in the event of bad news is to prepare the patient ahead of time for how they will hear the results. Ask them to bring a spouse, supportive friend or a tape recorder. The second suggestion is to have a face to face conversation with the patient. This will enable you to watch the patient’s body language. Nonverbal language plays a big role in the assessment of a patient’s well being of state of mind at the time. This meeting should be during a reserved time period, so that you or the patient doesn’t feel rushed. A third suggestion is to decide on a few key points to make and stick with presenting these few only. Giving a patient too much information will result in them retaining even less. The fourth suggestion is start with the prognosis, not the diagnosis. Say something like â€Å"you have a condition that is very treatable with medication. If it is a grim diagnosis start with empathy and then convey the commitment to the patient. State â€Å"we’re here to talk about what the test showed and I want you to know that I am committed to working with you closely throughout the course of your treatment. † The fifth suggestion is use simple language so that the patient can understand what is being explained to them. Many times Dr will use many words that the p atient’s just don’t understand. It is important to remember that everyday language in the hospital or Dr Office setting may not be so in the everyday setting for the patient. Explaining valuable information in a language that patients can understand is important in helping them retain the information. The sixth suggestion is to use a â€Å"teach back† or â€Å"chunking and checking† teaching strategy. This method gives the patient a small piece of information and asks them to explain it back in their own words. One good way to do this is have them explain to you how they are going to relay the information just give to their spouse or another family member not present at the meeting. Another way would be for them to show you how they are going to teach others about their treatment plan. The seventh suggestion is to use handouts in simple language as supplements to verbal teaching. These work well as references that can be referenced at a later time. The eighth suggestion is to give the patient resources to help them with further coping. Resources such as websites, support groups or social workers can be very helpful in promoting coping. The ninth and finial suggestion is to set up follow up visits to assess how the patient is feeling as well as answer any additional questions the patient may have. This is very important in order make the patient feel as if they are not alone in dealing with this issue and that you are committed to working closely with the patient throughout the prescribed treatment. Conclusions reached by author: Today healthcare providers are doing better at communicating information, but there are still areas to improve. These nine suggestions have contributed to the improvements and will continue to impact the way healthcare professionals communicate. In the authors opinion the most important thing is being honest and open. As nurses it is important to take the time to get to know the individual and appreciate the journey with the patient. Critique This article was very easy to read and had a good flow with the presentation of the information. I was able to read the article easily and did not have to stop to clarify much of the information. I liked that the author summarized the suggestions in a numbered list at the end of the article. This made it easier to present each suggestion in my summary. The article seemed to be more directed at Physicians, however I think the suggestions could be very valuable to any healthcare professional involved with direct patient care. Any healthcare professional that is involved in the teaching or communicating the treatment plan to the patient could benefit with the application of these suggestions. As a nurse I can apply these suggestions anytime I need teach patients about treatment plans. Good communication is a very important skill to develop and will be beneficial not only with the patients but with coworkers as well. How to cite Delivering Bad News, Papers

Dependency on Technology free essay sample

Pornography addiction is one of the leading internet addictions, with 12% of the total number of websites are pornography sites. Video game addiction is also a large factor in internet addiction because of the large amount of MMORPG’s (Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game). The average MMORPG gamer will spend 20-25 hours per week on a game. Internet social interaction addiction is the most problematic of the three addictions because of the reliance of new social media including Facebook, Twitter, and Instant Messaging (â€Å"Internet Addiction Disorder† 2).Though each addiction has different orientations, they all can lead to the same risks if exaggerated. Internet addiction disorder may lead to many health problems if done for a long period of time and not changed. A main health condition caused by too much use on the computer is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, which is caused by too much strain on the wrist bones (â€Å"Internet†, 2). Another is straining the eyes too much which can lead to tired/dry eyes, and also myopia. We will write a custom essay sample on Dependency on Technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Next is weight gain, which can be caused by low amounts of exercise, high intake of carbohydrates and fats, tension on abdominal muscles which makes peristalsis (digestive system movement) slowed, and poor lymph movement that enables the body to remove toxins (â€Å"Mind Prison. .. †, 5). There are also psychological problems that come from IAD that can lead to depression. An addict that is not using the Internet may have mood swings, feel angry, depressed, or restless (â€Å"Internet†, 2). Since the Internet is such a powerful multimedia experience, one may become desensitized to less stimulating modalities, like reading (â€Å"Mind Prison.. . †, 5). † Maintaining a healthy physical and psychological lifestyle is important in order to continue living happily. The largest issue with Internet addiction is that the addict spend too much time online and in chat rooms that he/she loses the sense of verbal communication and outside interaction. The user becomes socially awkward and sometimes unable to express emotion without it being typed.He/she also may be involved in illegal activities like downloading illegal content or develop aggressive online personalities. Not only does the addict lose a sense of communication skills, he/she may also begin to lose family or friends (â€Å"Mind Prisons. .. †, 5). By neglecting loved ones a building new relationships with online users, this leads to many new divorces. Also because of the addict being irritable when away from the Internet, it can lead to arguments that could become violent. In today’s society, Internet addiction is becoming a bigger problem with the improvement of technology and more social media sites.

My Sisters Keeper Essay Example

My Sisters Keeper Paper Introduction, and Thesis: Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) to provide a genetically matched donor for an older sick child and to use the organs of the younger to the medical benefit of the elder is not morally justifiable using rule utilitarian ethical theory. This principle is not justifiable due to both the nature of the proposed rule regarding PGD and, primarily, to the nature of utilitarian ethical philosophy in general. Arguments Supporting Thesis: Rule utilitarianism is a moral philosophy holding that general rules for moral guidance should be developed that will act as an aid in making ethical decisions. For example, one such rule might by that one ought to keep promises. Given this general rule, when faced with a moral decision, an individual should look at the list of rules and see if any of these rules apply to the current situation. Using the above example, if the situation involves keeping a promise or not, then one should keep the promise. According to this philosophy, even if the consequences of a particular act of promise keeping are bad, the person behaving in accordance with the established utilitarian rule is morally not at fault. However in an attempt to establish a new utilitarian moral rule, each individual event will affect the attempt to establish a moral rule. We will write a custom essay sample on My Sisters Keeper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on My Sisters Keeper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on My Sisters Keeper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This ethical theory requires development of rules of action based on the potential rules likelihood to bring about the most good for the most people. For the purposes of this discussion a reasonable rule would be: parents should use PGD to provide a genetically matched donor for an older child and use the expendable organs of the younger child to repair life threatening medical conditions of the older. For the sake of argument, this paper assumes that any procedures that would necessarily result in the death of the younger child would not be performed. For example, if the elder child needs a heart transplant, this rule could not be used to justify the death of the younger by removing the younger siblings heart and transplanting it into the elder. The suggested rule makes use of other, more fundamental utilitarian rules such as one shouldnt cause pain or one should prevent pain. Neither of these rules in itself is sufficient to establish the more specific utilitarian rule suggested in the preceding paragraph. To determine if this potential utilitarian rule should be adopted, some cases, using Picoults novel My Sisters Keeper as a springboard should be examined. The first case to examine is the simplest case. If the proposed rule proves inadequate for a simple application, it is unlikely that more complex, and more realistic scenarios will be adequately served by the proposed rule. The simplest case within this context would be the case originally conceived of by Kates parents, Sara and Brian Fitzgerald. In this scenario Sara and Brian had two children, the elder, Jesse, is approximately seven years old. His little sister, Kate is a about two years old when she is diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Since Jesse is not a compatible donor, her parents elect to use PGD to produce a genetically compatible donor as a potential solution for their daughters health problem. Initially, the younger daughter, Anna, is to be used to donate blood cells from the umbilical cord to provide needed blood cells for Kate. Theoretically, these cells would put Kates APL into remission and that would be the end of medical treatment. All three children would be healthy, have little or no memories of the procedure and the Fitzgerald family would live happily ever after. Does this scenario provide the greatest good for the most people? Although others are involved in My Sisters Keeper, such as the nurses, surgeons, and hospital staff, it is reasonable to consider just the impact of the Fitzgerald family. It appears that the most people have received the greatest good. Kate has her normal life expectancy back, Jesse now has not one, but two little sisters to tease and torment, while Sara and Brian have three happy, healthy children. It appears to be a winning situation for everyone. This scenario provides support that the proposed rule may be a viable utilitarian rule, at least in this simplified situation. Unfortunately, all the cases this proposed rule are to be applied to arent this simple. The Fitzgeralds experiences provide an example where the simple case doesnt prevail and the situation is complicated by other events. Initially in My Sisters Keeper, it appears the umbilical cord blood cells take at Annas birth have done the job. Kate goes into remission for five years. However, at this point Kates APL flairs up and lymphocytes are drawn from Anna three times and inserted into Kate. Again this appears to work for the short term, but ultimately, the procedure fails. For the next eight years the process is repeated over and over again; Kate becomes ill, Anna donates something which should help her get better, the treatment works for a while but then stops working and a new, more invasive and painful donation and treatment is attempted. The situation during this period is not so simple and clear-cut. In the process, everyone in the family suffers: physically, emotionally, financially, and/or socially within the family and outside the home. Both Kate and Anna suffer physical pain with each procedure. Jesse begins to act up in an attempt to get attention from both his parents. The relationship between the parents suffers as Sara becomes more and more obsessed about the physical needs of Kate. The family is not the happy unit anticipated in the simpler case. In fact, at the time of Anna filing the lawsuit for medical emancipation, the only good that has resulted is that Kates life as been extended for twelve or thirteen years. All of the benefits of the Kates continuing to live have come at the expense of the rest of the family and of Kate herself, who suffers considerable pain during the process. In these more complicated circumstances it is not so easy to determine the net good or the net harm. It is no longer so clear that a rule utilitarian imperative can be established to justify PGD and the subsequent harvesting of organs. As long as the medical procedure works, it is more easily justified on a rule utilitarian basis. When the procedure fails, the amount of good, if any doesnt appear to outweigh the amount of harm. This points out a fundamental weakness in moral rule utilitarianism as an ethical theory. It does not have much utility. First, calculating the potential harm and the potential good resulting from a proposed medical procedure is difficult, perhaps even impossible, to calculate. In the simple case, it is easy to calculate the net good because only two people are involved in the process: Anna the donor doesnt suffer at all, and Kate has her pain relieved for five years. It is clear that more good than harm results from the PGD, birth of Anna, and Kates used of the cord blood cells from Anna is a good thing on an utilitarian basis. However, with every additional complication, the calculation of net good becomes more difficult. When lymphocytes are drawn from Anna three times at the age of five, it is clear she feels pain and is at some amount of risk of life due to the use of general anesthesia. It is also clear that Kate receives some benefit from the donated cells. What isnt clear is how much physical pain Anna suffers and how much benefit Kate receives. There are no clearly quantifiable measures of pain. There are scales of pain used by physicians to try and measure pain, but they are estimations by the patient and extremely subjective. Suppose, to salvage the utilitarian principle, one were able to establish a unit measure of pain and relief of pain. Suppose Anna reports that she has pain at a level three for twelve hours for a total of thirty-six pain hours, level two for six hours for twelve pain hours and pain level one for 3 hours for three pain hours. This gives Anna a total of fifty-one pain hours. Presumably, on Kates side, if one assumes a one for one exchange of pain values between Anna and Kate, as long as her net relief of pain is greater than fifty-one pain hours the procedure is justifiable from a rule utilitarian point of view. This result is remarkably similar to the conclusion above in that as long as the medical procedure is successful, the performing of the procedure add credence to the establishment of a new moral rule. This is not a satisfactory moral principle. It fails to consider far too many aspects of the entire situation and bases the moral evaluation purely on the result. For example, as any medical provider knows from personal experience, sometimes people die regardless of the treatment they have received. In the above case, suppose that Kate, after receiving the lymphocytes, and despite the fact that the medical team is well qualified and performed the procedure in accordance with the best established procedures, dies shortly after the procedure. Autopsy and postmortem investigation finds no particular reason for the death. For all intents and purposes, Kate randomly dies when she was expected to live. According to rule utilitarian ethics, this procedure was a failure and should not be used to support a potential rule for future behavior and presumably should count against the potential rule. However this wasnt the fault of the procedure and, intuitively, shouldnt count against PGD and the subsequent use of donor tissues. A second objection to utilitarian rules is that it is unclear when a new rule becomes established. Except for fundamental rules which lack substance, such as truth telling is good, loyalty is good, promise keeping is good that are already established, when does a proposed rule have enough evidence to be a new moral imperative. There isnt a Governing Board of Utilitarian Theory (GOUT) that meets periodically and either approves or denies potential utilitarian rules of ethics. One wonders then if a utilitarian rule can ever be established beyond basic, fundamental rules such as those mentioned above. It is counterintuitive to think that an ethical rule can only be established when it has been tested a sufficient number of times. The whole point of ethical rules is to give people ethical guidance. If one is forced to rely on only the more basic rules such as causing pain is bad and relieving pain is good until the new rule has been established with sufficient data, one is often at a loss since such rules are extremely general and can be, and often are, contradictory. In the case of My Sisters Keeper to relieve Kates pain, Anna must be caused pain. This is essentially a wash that really leaves one with no answer at all. Objections that Rule Utilitarian Cannot Justify PGD: The biggest objection to the conclusion that rule utilitarianism cannot justify using PGD to provide a potential donor for a critically ill child is that if feels like one should be able to use rule utilitarianism to make this decision. One ought to be able to look at this issue and say yes it is moral to provide a potential donor for a child using PGD or no, it is not moral do so. If one cannot use rule utilitarianism to help make a decision what good is it? Response to Objection: That is precisely the point. Rule utilitarianism, in fact even act utilitarianism as well, is inherently flawed. Instead of looking at the entire issue of is it moral to perform an act it shifts the focus to will performing such an act result in a net positive value instead of dealing with the social issue the person who posed the ethical question, utilitarianism deals with an unwieldy ethical system of bookkeeping. This is unsatisfactory because it skirts the real issue. Human ethics is not bookkeeping. Results of an act are important in evaluating the morality of an act, but this is only one part of the entire equations. Equally important, and oftentimes more important are other factors that ought to be considered: motive of the people involved, capabilities of those involved and the rights of those involved are essential ingredients in making ethical decisions and rule utilitarianism makes no allowance for these vital concerns. In fact, it is the question of the rights of Anna Fitzgerald that is central to this novel. It is these other factors that are most revealing and the most interesting from an ethical and sociological point of view. Summary of Paper: Rule utilitarian ethics is unable to establish the rule that using a PGD child to provide a transplant source for an older, critically ill child. This is due to rule utilitarianism ethics not being a particularly viable ethical system. The unwieldiness of trying to calculate the net good or bad makes rule utilitarianism impractical. In addition, rule utilitarianism fails to account for anything other than the results which are a small, uninteresting part of any ethical dilemma. This bookkeeping approach to ethics is inadequate. A moral dilemma is not easily solved and is never solved without considering, the agent, the act and the reasonably expect consequences of the act. It is for this reason that utilitarianism cannot, in fact, justify itself as an ethical system.

Writing a Book Review Sample Essay

Writing a Book Review Sample EssayWriting a book review sample essay is the first step of writing a book. It is very important that you understand how this writing method works. The essay will help you in assessing the effectiveness of your writing. The essay will also help you decide if you want to write more essays.First of all, you need to prepare a book review sample essay before actually writing it. You should have a clear idea about what kind of topic you want to cover in your book. After this, you should make a list of possible topics to write about. Make sure that you have researched extensively and have included all possible topics for your book.Make sure that your book can be reviewed in a book review sample essay. This will make your book interesting and relevant to readers. You should choose the right genre to write your book and make sure that it fits your topic. If you are writing a non-fiction book, then go for a journalism-based book. On the other hand, if you are wri ting fiction, then go for romance and mystery.Your topic should be selected from a list of topics that you have prepared in advance. There are two parts to a book review essay. Your first part will contain a summary and introduction of your book.Your second part is the actual evaluation of your book by writing an opinion based essay. The opinions that you will give in your book review sample essay should be based on facts. In addition, it should also be based on analysis and feedback. This essay should not contain any personal opinions.Most people who write book reviews for the major publishing houses do not have the knowledge and training required to write a book review sample. It is advisable to read books, listen to podcasts, take a class or workshop sessions and read books related to the topic of your book. In order to learn this process, you can hire a book review coach who will guide you on how to write a book review based on the contents of your book.You can have a book revie w sample for your book online. It is possible to use EBook providers who can provide you free copies of their book review samples. So, now you have a few useful tips to help you write a book review sample. This article can be a great resource for you.

Pronouncing the Spanish H

Pronouncing the Spanish H The letter h may be the easiest of all the Spanish letters to pronounce: With the only exceptions being a very few words of obvious foreign origin and the two-letter combinations explained next, the h is always silent. In Combinations and Alone The letter combinations ch, which used to be considered a separate letter of the alphabet, and the sh in flash and a few other imported words are pronounced basically the same as in English; however, the usual silence of h doesnt mean its pronunciation doesnt sometimes trip up beginning Spanish students. Those who speak English as a first language often want to pronounce the letter when it is in a cognate, that is, a Spanish word that is more or less the same as English. For example, the h should not be pronounced in words such as vehà ­culo (vehicle), Habana (Havana), Honduras and prohibir (prohibit), as tempting as it may be. Etymology If the h is silent, why does it exist? For reasons of etymology (word history) only. Just as the k in the English know and the b in lamb used to be audible, the Spanish h used to be pronounced ages ago. Almost all Spanish consonants have become softer over the years; the h became so soft as to become inaudible. The Spanish h also was used to separate two vowels that werent pronounced as one, that is as a diphthong. For example, the word for owl used to be spelled as buho to indicate that it was pronounced as two syllables rather than rhyming with the first syllable of cuota or quota. Nowadays, though, an accent is used over a stressed vowel to indicate the lack of a diphthong, so the word is written as bà ºho. In this case, then, the accent isnt used to indicate stress as it usually does, but as a guide to the proper pronunciation of the vowels. Also, these days it is standard for the h between vowels to be ignored in pronunciation; that is, the vowels sometimes run together despite the h between them, depending on how they are stressed. For example, prohibir is pronounced more or less the same as proibir would be. Note, though, that when the stress is on the second syllable in forms of this word, it is accented and pronounced clearly. Thus conjugated forms of the verb include prohà ­bes, prohà ­be, and prohà ­ben. Also, this is why bà ºho (owl) is  spelled with an accent mark. The accent assures that this word is pronounced as bà ºo  rather than buo. Similarly, alcohol is pronounced as alcol, not as alco-ol with a brief pause (known as a glottal stop) between the o and o.   Exceptions The words where the h is pronounced? Apparently, the only such word that is recognized by the Royal Spanish Academy as fully Spanish is hmster, a cognate of the English word for hamster, although it came to Spanish by way of German. It is pronounced much as it is in German or English as if it were spelled jmster. Other imported words, listed by the Academy as foreign or not listed at all, in which native speakers often pronounce the h include hockey (not to be confused with jockey), hobby (plural usually hobbys), Hong Kong (and some other place names), hacker and hit (baseball term or a major success). Also, jalar and halar (to pull) are often used synonymously, and in some regions, it is common to pronounce jalar even while writing halar.

The Logical Fallacy of Stacking the Deck

The Logical Fallacy of Stacking the Deck The term stacking the deck is a  fallacy in which any evidence that supports an opposing argument is simply rejected, omitted, or ignored. Stacking the deck is a technique thats commonly used in propaganda. It is also known as special pleading, ignoring the counterevidence, slanting, or one-sided assessment. Examples and Observations People sometimes make decisions by folding a piece of paper in half, and listing reasons in favor on one side, and reasons against on the other; then they decide intuitively which side has stronger (not necessarily more) reasons. This method forces us to look at both sides of an issue before we decide. In the incorrect form, we just look at half the picture; this is called stacking the deck. (Harry J. Gensler, Introduction to Logic. Routledge, 2002)Gamblers stack the deck in their favor by arranging the cards so that they will win. Writers stack the deck by ignoring any evidence or arguments that dont support their position. I once experienced stacking the deck when I went to buy a used car. The man trying to sell me the car talked only about how wonderful the car was. After I bought the car, another man tried to sell me an extended warranty by pointing out all the things that could break down. (Gary Layne Hatch, Arguing in Communities. Mayfield, 1996) Deck Stacking in Arguments for and Against the Legalization of Drugs [A] recent ABC show on drugs . . . distorted, omitted or manipulated drug reality. What was piously described as an attempt to open discussion on different approaches to the drug problem was simply a long promotion for legalization of drugs. . . .The program dwells with utmost respect on legalization efforts in Britain and the Netherlands. But it omits evidence of failure. It gives no time to British and Dutch experts who say they have been a disaster, or to Zurichs decision to close its infamous needle park, or to the rise in crime and drug addiction in the Netherlands, or the fact that Italy, which decriminalized possession of heroin in 1975, now leads Western Europe in per capita heroin addiction, with 350,000 addicts.The deck is stacked like a monte game. The advocates of some form of legalization include a judge, police chiefs, a mayor. But nothing is said about the great majority of judges, police officers and mayors who are opposed to legalization by any alias. (A.M. Rosentha l, On My Mind; Stacking the Deck. The New York Times, April 14, 1995) When the White House issued a statement last night saying that marijuana should remain illegalresponding to our pro-legalization editorial seriesofficials there weren’t just expressing an opinion. They were following the law. The White House Office of National Drug Control Policy is required by statute to oppose all efforts to legalize any banned drug.It’s one of the most anti-scientific, know-nothing provisions in any federal law, but it remains an active imposition on every White House. The drug czar, as the director of the drug control policy office is informally known, must take such actions as necessary to oppose any attempt to legalize the use of a substance that’s listed on Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act and has no approved medical use.Marijuana fits that description, as do heroin and LSD. But unlike those far more dangerous drugs, marijuana has medical benefits that are widely known and are now officially recognized in 35 states. The drug cza r, though, isn’t allowed to recognize them, and whenever any member of Congress tries to change that, the White House office is required to stand up and block the effort. It cannot allow any federal study that might demonstrate the rapidly changing medical consensus on marijuana’s benefits and its relative lack of harm compared to alcohol and tobacco.(David Firestone, The Required White House Response on Marijuana. The New York Times, July 29, 2014) Stacking the Deck on Talk Shows Biased talk-show hosts often stack the deck in their discussions of controversial issues by choosing more qualified and dynamic guests to represent the viewpoints they favor. If, by chance, the other guests seem to be overcoming the disadvantage, the host will interrupt and make it a two-on-one debate. An even more outrageous form of stacking the deck is for talk-show hosts and program directors to ignore entirely the side of the issue they disagree with.(Vincent Ryan Ruggiero, Making Your Mind Matter: Strategies for Increasing Practical Intelligence. Rowman Littlefield, 2003)